Temematic

Last year I caught wind of something called "Temematic". This was a language somewhere in the hazy region between Old Prussian, German, and Celtic that was not any of the above. Then the Slavs came and the place enters actual history after all the damage had been done. Alexei Kassian is now on Temematic's case.

Holzer in 1989 had defined "Temematic" from the shift of obstruents: tenues > mediae, mediae aspiratae > tenues. Overall IE *p *t *k > bdg, IE *bʰ *dʰ *gʰ > ptk, but IE (*b)*d *g were retained intact as bdg. That shift did not apply to the Balto-Slavic mainline; only to 45 words he'd found within Balto-Slavic. These then would be loans. Maybe it happened in Pomerania.

Most scholars shrugged and went along, it seems, until Matasović in 2013. This one could not find any substrate loans in Balto-Slavic; which - however annoying for Holzer - turns out a boon for students of Indo-European who can now work with Balto-Slavic as a pure offshoot from the baseline of (no less than) Indo-Iranian.

Kassian revives the Temematic hypothesis by allowing for 17 of its words which he can, still, find in protoSlavic. Baltic as well, but independently.

Kassian is elsewhere something of a dissident in Slavic linguistics since he'd date the Slavic breakup to the early first millennium AD, as against the consensus who date it to the middle. But that isn't important here.

What matters here is that Kassian sees the protoSlavs - the first unified Slavs - leaving the Baltic Heimat sometime 1500-1000 BC. They then met up with total strangers. For these 17 words, those indigenes were the Temematic people.

Kassian's Temematic-speakers moreover were not even IndoEuropean. So this looks like a different signal more than a refinement of the signal. They'd be West European Substrates, usually associated with the Neolithic farmers who preceded all those other "Sons of Aryas". Most today associate them with the Funnel-Beaker peoples. Some of their other words entered Greek.

Also: the mix happened in two pulses. One was just the Funnel-Beaker substrate. The later pulse was the pulse we can (still) honestly call Temematic, having undergone the sound-shift; this happened in the first millennium BC or theoretically somewhat later.

The scouring of Flores

There are at least two Portuguese-named Flores islands; we're dealing with the one with hobbits. We now have a record of its climate and of its elephant population.

The Liang Bua clock starts 190kya, for humans anyway (I don't know about before that). After the MIS 5e which we used to call Eemian, this release offers more detail:

We found three key climate phases. It was wetter than today year-round between 91,000 and 76,000 years ago. Between 76,000 and 61,000 years ago, the monsoon was highly seasonal, with wetter summers and drier winters. Then, between 61,000 and 47,000 years ago, the climate turned much drier in summer

After that it gets silly by talking "southern Queensland", as if that part of Australia had the same climate over that stretch. Weak sauce, mates. Maybe instead relate this to Timor.

The Floresian parahumanity limped along as scavengers. Until 48kBC sometime around which, one of Indonesia's volcanoes went boom - and that was it. It wasn't Toba 72kBC; but whatever it was, Flores now went under new management. That first human population might have been like Timor's then; nowadays the "central Malay/Polynesian" cluster has pretty much swamped all those islands.

The mobile tunnel

Last week one Matthew Williams posted Retractable, Pressurized Tunnels (h/t Zim). This is to connect surface assets 'pon an airless surface. One solution is called the TREAD; the other (which nobody is linking right) is the LATCH.

Sure: longish-term d00dz (between returns to Earth or at least to the Spaceline's appendix-C-2) will layover in a lavatube or, later, a kilometers-high Eiffel. But workers will be going out on the surface. Also someone's got to fix up that lavatube in the first place. Problem: EVA sucks.

The projects assume that the initial settlement of, say, the Lunar South Pole colony will be shambolic. Various Earth companies are each sending their own Quonset huts or bare Starship husks, and scattering them all over the surface. They may or mayn't send the covered hallways between them; astronauts will prefer covered hallways over EVA.

NASA are telling the Quonset vendors not to bother hooking up those huts. This TREAD is a single habitable hallway on wheels as can attach two huts. Temporarily: before disconnecting from one hut and attaching another one. Some huts will simply be abandoned or dismantled, or moved, in the process of just-in-time colony planning and construction. The LATCH is similar: less mass per meter, but the corridor can't snake around. The TREAD I think wins this one.

For TREAD anyway they're folding the hallway back when not in use. To let the dust fall to the floor and to protect it from micrometeors and whatever else is kicked up around the surface. As such - and because static-electric dust exists - more wear and tear is expected than on, say, that old inflatable Bigelow on the ISS.

Net or chopstick

Great SpaceX and Zimmerman are onto China's Long March to a reusable booster. The Chinese caught this in a net.

The booster was designed about the same: upright, with prongs. The net, or chopstick for Elon, catches the prongs.

China's difference is that it is on a floating platform, like what catches the Falcon 9 boosters. This allows the landing platform to follow the falling booster, and the net itself might allow for more margin for deviance than a static tower. Great SpaceX (not Elon-affiliated) adds that the net is better-maintainable.

One snag (heh) we have that China might not is coastal law. The Gulf of America (eff yea!) is an international water; also, we have oil platforms out there, and fisheries. Although: that might be clearing up. Another issue - for both of us - is that a booster caught out there in some ocean is not available for relaunch or even refit until it is towed back and moved back, which takes - probably days. If caught on the pad it's right there already.

The net idea still might not even work for a mammoth like the Super Heavy. If it did work (I don't know what kind of cable would do it) it could at least be a plan B for a booster unable to reach the proper pad.

We should update recovery table 2 here, such that arresting-cable is now a Medium tech maturity. Such commends the net for, say, Rocket Lab.

The Heisenberg Compensator

'Tis rare (outside politics) that Sabine Hossfelder produces a video with higher B.S. content than what she's reviewing, but here's the title: Physicists Just Broke One Of Quantum Physics’ Biggest Restraints. That restraint is on cloning quantum information, which goes on to hamper error-checking in qubits.

The key constraint is, rather was, a theoretical result of the Quantum Mechanical equations around big-Φ and big-Ψ. In 1970 James Park proved the no-go theorem; the no-cloning = no-delete theorem followed in 1982. Pace Sabine this result stands; if it did not, it could well refute the whole thing. Lately instead it is compensated, as Trek would say (in the 1960s). At least in high-qubit quantum computers.

The compensation happens if the cloning also encrypts. Thence, among the encrypted clones, one can freely choose any one to decrypt and thereby recovers the original state with fidelity up to 1.

What I did not know is that BM Heron-R2 superconducting processors using up to 154 qubits existed. But then - Current Year is indeed 2026.

Qubit-cloning will likely lead to better error correction. We were already well on our way to Q Day.

Gliese 3378

GJ 3378 is a red dwarf and plantary system 7.73 parsecs from us, toward the "Camelopard" north-polar orthogonal to the galactic plane. Two years ago was floated that this was a system. This planet is now recovered - rather, a different planet is recovered. Hat-tip to Pixy Misa.

As usual, more data refines the estimate. I am somewhat intrigued by a planet which is refined to such a statistically-different orbit. Moutou et al. supposed over five Earth masses and orbiting 24.7 days, with a high eccentricity. This new solution from Paul Robertson et al. has two(-plus) masses, at 21.5 days and orbiting possibly circular.

We are dealing here with a spectrograph, not a transit. At this potential angle of separation, transits can be too much for to hope. Thus, above, the language of minima: masses are calculated in m sini, i being rather less than ninety degrees. I also don't know the inclination of the star. Nobody has detected additional planets here, either. Robertson's crew did manage to duplicate Moutou's result with the SPIRou - alone; blaming this instrument for leading them agley.

Will say this: a brown dwarf can be ruled out. For the star, it doesn't flare like a young 'un. Copilot is further asking me about metallicity and rotation. It's slightly less metallic than our own Sun - the latter (circumstantially) suggesting it formed around when our Sun formed. We are not told of a moving-group for this system; suggesting, further, gigayear drift from origin. Rotation is consistent with a stellarish age of five billion or more years. Assuredly a brown dwarf won't have cooled enough for nondetection in Gaia at this distance.

As for other planets, if this star formed in its own nebula as it probably did, larger planets might not have formed at all. Given maybe three years to find other planetary signatures, I assume anything important up to 2 Earth masses and up to one year period should show up. Unless it... has? That "24.7 day" false-positive could signal a 49.4 day true periodicity. It would be too small to do the Von Zeipel.

Timothy's counter to Pope Leo III

Leo III crowned Karl emperor of Rome, and by it claimed the headship of all Christian bishops - as their Papa, they would say now. Naturally the kings in Constantine's City did not like this, deeming themselves as the Empire's heirs. Rome the city could claim that Peter had set them up. Constantinople couldn't claim New Testament sanction, so they went with a theory of the Rhomania.

Nobody over here out West noticed, but the East already had its own Christendom. Under the Mutazila, the "new Jews" at al-Raqqa / Callinicum permitted Christians to state their case more freely than since. The Oriental Church under Timothy issued this letter which we'll look at today.

Timothy states adamantly from the Gospel of Matthew that Mary gave birth to Jesus called the Christ (in his translation). Not to "God"- and not really to a little boy either. Timothy's Christ is something subtly different. Timothy may or may not be lifting from Nestorius, who taught that "Christ" here means a blend; John Chrysostom likely would have agreed, maybe even Jerome. This need not detain a filioque believer.

Timothy accepts four Gospels, but he's really only using one: Matthew. Mark is ignored. Timothy does, yes, make one diversion to the Prodigal Son. This is now found in Luke; it perhaps originated from Peter, but anyway Timothy treats it more as a nod to shared lore than as a prooftext - the Diatesseron would do. John ... I don't see John. Timothy nonetheless claims four and moots a fifth gospel in the message of Paul.

Timothy knows from Matthew (and Mark, and John 21) that Peter matters. This exposes him to the apostolic claims of the various Romes. To them, he lumps them all in as "Rome". He implicitly dismisses the other Petrine sees of Alexandria and Antioch, now under Islam. Timothy as an Aramaean Semite would rather lay claim to Christ. Not for him is Luke-Acts dragging the Spirit to the Seven Hills. Instead he appeals to Abraham's birthplace and to Eden.

That's where Timothy brings the number five - as something of a quincunx with a nexus in the centre. Eden had four rivers, flowing from one source. In Oriental theology Eden was a real place, a now-occulted mountain reaching to heaven. Timothy would have Babylon as the Edenic river, from which all the Petrine churches flow.

As to, what to make of this argument: unfortunately the letter breaks off, so I might have to fill in for this pope.

Like Babylon, Jerusalem can't claim Peter - but it is Jerusalem, so doesn't need to. It may be that the quincunx should be most like a tripod with the Spirit showering from Babylon to Jerusalem, and thence the three Petrines. Also, perhaps, as the Spirit went to Rome in the past, it is now in Babylon.

That's about the only way I can make an argument for Babylon's right to a nonPetrine see. This incidentally tracks Ezekiel's argument, that his flock in Babylon was now superior to the remnant in Zion. Maybe Timothy is going to try it.