Saturday, November 12, 2022

The Chronicler's psalm of Asaph

Next to Asaph's Psalm 78 as an "historical" Psalm, or at least one with historical content, is the psalm the Chronicler has him sing on the occasion of installing the Ark... in Jerusalem. (And not Shiloh.) Per Streeter Stuart in a paper I've not been able to read:

The hymn found in 1 Chronicles 16:8–36 contains portions of Psalms 105:1–15; 96:1–13; and 106:47–48. Since the hymn occurs in a context which focuses upon placing the Ark of the Covenant on Mt. Zion, it is noteworthy that the verses from Pss. 105 and 106 say nothing about the Exodus, since the other verses of these two Pss. are heavy in the Exodus tradition, the primary location of the Ark narrative in the Pentateuch.

As the first sentence goes, we should start thinking of "parallels" rather than "containment"... as Stuart will continue, as he muses on other slices-and-dices of these four psalms in other literature, here The Exodus Tradition in Psalm 105 and the Wisdom of Solomon. Of those earlier parallels: Psalms 96 (nonhistorical), 105, and 1 Chr 16:8-36 all share a mode of triumph; Psalm 106 of humilation and penitence.

Psalms 96 and 106 share in common that they exist internationally. The former exults in a world united under one God, sharing its "new song" incipit with [2] Isaiah 42:10 and carrying on to vv. 12 and 17 as both evangelise the Lord's glory to all nations; albeit Psalm 96 drawing them to (as later understood) Zion. The Chronicler's setting does not involve such a drastic change of fortune as was experienced by 2 Isaiah and Psalm 96, so omits the "new song" incipit. And if Psalm 96 has its origin in a Mazdaean hymn to the khwarrah, such was not found anymore by the Chronicler.

In Psalm 106, perhaps an older song, the people live scattered so must sing for themselves. In this light 1 Chr 16:35 / Ps 106:47 grates in 1 Chr 16:8-36. I must follow Stuart so far that Psalms 96 and 106 both exist pretty-much as the Chronicler found them, that the Chronicler has quoted Psalm 106's doxology in an adaptation of Psalm 96.

Psalm 105 looks to own some internal integrity as well, as I compare it with Psalm 78 - more exactly vv. 1-55 (78:13-16, 24-28 // 105:39-41, 78:54-55 / 105:44-45). Psalm 78 jolts the reader even more than does Psalm 106 as God is praised for giving Israel all good things, with Israel then backsliding. Psalm 78 meanders from Egypt to the wilderness back to Egypt. Psalm 105 is here more even.

One point I must make about Psalms 105 and 106, as Stuart and I are tracking omissions, is that those two Psalms in covering Exodus and the Law and God's Covenant, do an Enochian Dream Vision as to glide over the Ten Commandments. Psalm 105 brings Israel out of Misr v. 38 immediately to dine upon miraculous quail vv. 39-41, finally to inherit the lands of the Gentiles. Psalm 106 at least mentions Horeb v. 19, but only inasmuch as the Golden Calf was worshipped there. For their own reasons neither mentions the Ark. You'd think Psalm 105 would have continued to 78:61.

I imagine all this struck an off-note to the Chronicler's ear, as well. So he alluded to relevant texts without raising, in his audience, the questions he himself was asking.

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