Uyelgi

h/t Davidski: Veronika Csáky et al., "Early Medieval Genetic Data from Ural Region Evaluated in the Light of Archaeological Evidence of Ancient Hungarians". This is a cemetery at Uyelgi on the east side of the Urals. Under study were the remains of 29 men and 16 women.

Culturally Uyelgi was like the tenth-century Carpathian Basin; that is, old pagan Hungary.

Csáky's team (brilliantly) got mtDNA from all 45 of these samples, both the women and the mens' mothers. Daughters-of-Eve are represented by U2-U5 (but not U8 or K!), H, and T - plus, N1a1a1a1a. The Orient is represented by A and C. There are four outliers, all eastern.

The 29 men have Y-chromosomes also, of course: 83.3% is N-M46, 5.5% G2a (G-L1266), 5.5% J2 and 5.5% is R1b of the typed male individuals. N-M46 is Uralic, fully confirming this nation's kinskip with the Finns and old Magyar elite. Of the minority sixth, all (as of the Glacial Maximum) were Ukrainian or Near Eastern. These will have drifted in from the Ukraine. Note the Euro-Hungarians also have R1b and G2a along with the N. A bit more R1b as we might expect.

Of serious note: not R1a. Uyelgi's IndoEuropean population was negligibly Aryan / Scythian / Parthian. Whenever the R-Z2123 Árpádides took charge, it wasn't in the Siberia. Further: this suggests no serious Scythian invasion over the Bronze and Iron Ages. The Uralic elite dominated or maintained their dominance of the westerners. Afanasievo, as earlier, seems more likely than even paraTocharian which should have some R1a.